A picture of
a drawing of a design for a gravity motor with springs that push rollers down by
pulling on the other side of the turning points. In this case there
are two independent parts, the outer structure and the inner wheel. The
inner wheel does not need to rotate. If the inner wheel is supported
by a ball bearing and did rotate, the resistance of rollers in contact
with the outer surface of the inner wheel would be less. The rollers
and the springs are part of the outer structure, and the outer structure would be
the rotating part of the motor that produces the force of the gravity motor because of
being continuously out of balance. Because the inner wheel is offset
to the left and since rollers are pushed against the outer surface of the
inner wheel and follow the path of the outer surface of the inner wheel,
the outer structure has more inch pounds of force pushing down on the left
side than on the right side. The difference between the inch pounds
of force pushing down on the left side and the inch pounds of force
pushing down on the right side is the net force. If the net force is
greater than the resisting force of rollers in contact with the outer
surface of the inner wheel, the outer structure should rotate to the left.
A picture of
a drawing of a design for a gravity motor with springs that push rollers down by
pulling on the other side of the turning points. In this case there
are two independent parts, the outer structure and the inner wheel. The
inner wheel does not need to rotate. If the inner wheel is supported
by a ball bearing and did rotate, the resistance of rollers in contact
with the outer surface of the inner wheel would be less. The rollers
and the springs are part of the outer structure, and the outer structure would be
the rotating part of the motor that produces the force of the gravity motor because of
being continuously out of balance. Because the inner wheel is offset
to the left and since rollers are pushed against the outer surface of the
inner wheel and follow the path of the outer surface of the inner wheel,
the outer structure has more inch pounds of force pushing down on the left
side than on the right side. The difference between the inch pounds
of force pushing down on the left side and the inch pounds of force
pushing down on the right side is the net force. If the net force is
greater than the resisting force of rollers in contact with the outer
surface of the inner wheel, the outer structure should rotate to the left.
The basic principle of
this design seems to be the same as
the basic principle of the Bessler design for gravity motors that worked; with the springs used
as they are, a gravity motor based on this design seemingly can have much more
power than any of the gravity motors built by Bessler. With the
springs on the outside, a roller can be 4 feet long and be supported by
two support arms and two springs. With springs that push rollers down by
pulling on the other side of the turning points it seems the force applied
to the rollers by the springs can be controlled better (amount of force
and direction of force) than in the case of a gravity motor built by
Bessler.
The
inner wheel of a gravity motor based on this design can be moved to the
center position of the outer structure so that the outer structure would be in balance, and the
outer structure would stop rotating. If the inner wheel were moved
to the right of the center position of the outer structure, the outer structure seemingly would
rotate in the reverse direction. With this design Larry believes
that a gravity motor could be built that would be practical (enough power
and not too heavy) for use as a car engine, and would not need a
transmission system, and could be used to reduce the forward speed of the
car by moving the inner wheel slightly into the reverse position.
A picture of
a drawing of a design for a gravity motor with springs that pull rollers
against the inner surface of the inner wheel. In this case there
are two independent parts, the outer structure and the inner wheel. The
inner wheel does not need to rotate. If the inner wheel is supported
by a ball bearing and did rotate, the resistance of rollers in contact
with the inner surface of the inner wheel would be less. The rollers
and the spring-powered supports are part of the outer structure, and the outer structure would be
the rotating part of the motor that produces the force of the gravity motor because of
being continuously out of balance. Because the inner wheel is offset
to the left and since rollers are pushed against the inner surface of the
inner wheel and follow the path of the inner surface of the inner wheel,
the outer structure has more inch pounds of force pushing down on the left
side than on the right side. The difference between the inch pounds
of force pushing down on the left side and the inch pounds of force
pushing down on the right side is the net force. If the net force is
greater than the resisting force of rollers in contact with the inner
surface of the inner wheel, the outer structure should rotate to the left.
The basic principle of
this design seems to be the same as
the basic principle of the Bessler design for gravity motors that worked; with the springs used
as they are, a gravity motor based on this design seemingly can have much more
power than any of the gravity motors built by Bessler. With the
springs on the outside, a roller can be 4 feet long and be supported by
two spring-powered supports.
The
inner wheel of a gravity motor based on this design can be moved to the
center position of the outer structure so that the outer structure would be in balance, and the
outer structure would stop rotating. If the inner wheel were moved
to the right of the center position of the outer structure, the outer structure seemingly would
rotate in the reverse direction. With this design Larry believes
that a gravity motor could be built that would be practical (enough power
and not too heavy) for use as a car engine, and would not need a
transmission system, and could be used to reduce the forward speed of the
car by moving the inner wheel slightly into the reverse position.
Front and
side-view pictures of drawings of a design for a gravity motor with small wheels
with circular grooves (3) for guiding ball bearings on round pieces of
metal (2). In this case there
are two independent sections, the big wheels (4) and the small wheels (3). The
small wheels do not rotate, except when the operator manually turns the
small wheels to the neutral position or the reverse position. The small wheels
are supported
by ball bearings that do rotate with the rotating center shaft so as to
keep the small wheels from rotating. The big wheels rotate with the
rotating center shaft and are welded to the rotating center shaft. In the drawing eight precision-ground
and
hardened shaft rods go through sixteen linear ball bearings. The
round pieces of metal with ball bearings on each end, the linear ball bearings, and the precision-ground and hardened shaft
rods are part of the big wheels (4). The
big wheels would be
the rotating part of the gravity motor that produces the force of the
gravity motor because of
being continuously out of balance. Because the small wheels (3) are offset
to the left and since ball bearings on round pieces of metal are guided by the circular grooves in the
small wheels,
the big wheels have more inch pounds of force pushing down on the left
side than on the right side. The difference between the inch pounds
of force pushing down on the left side and the inch pounds of force
pushing down on the right side is the net force. If the net force is
greater than the resisting force of the ball bearings in contact with the circular
grooves in the small wheels, the big wheels should rotate to the left.
A
round piece of metal with two ball bearings on each end could be four feet long
and 2 1/2 inches in diameter. The inner ball bearing on one end of
the round piece of metal would
be offset enough in relation to the outer ball bearing (with a smaller
inside diameter) on the same end of
the round piece of metal so that one ball bearing would contact only the outside part of the
groove in the small wheel, and so that the other ball bearing would contact
only the inside part of the groove in the small wheel. On the inside
next to the ball bearings on each end of the round metal would be a hole for a press
fit for a precision-ground and hardened shaft rod; the shaft rod also
could be welded after the shaft rod had been pressed to the correct
position. Two press-fit bearing surfaces (the outer
bearing surface offset slightly in relation to the inner bearing surface
and with a smaller outside diameter)
and
a thread for a nut to hold the bearings in place would be at each end of
the round metal.
If
a prototype were built based on the above pictures, a
small wheel would be on the outside in relation to a big wheel, and the
small wheel would have rigid supports (1) going on the outside of the big
wheels; the rigid supports would connect with a small wheel on the other end of the gravity motor. The
prototype would have two big wheels connected by the central rotating
shaft. The prototype would have two small wheels that could be
turned to the neutral position so that the big wheels would be in balance, and the
big wheels would stop rotating. If the small wheels were turned
to the reverse position, the big wheels seemingly would
rotate in the reverse direction. The gravity motor would be
supported by a stand (5) connected to the center rotating shaft with ball
bearings.
The
design for a gravity motor described above is based on the Bessler design
for a gravity motor that worked. The two small wheels on the outside
of the two big wheels function the same as the inner wheel-pendulum in the
Bessler design. The two big wheels on the inside of the two small
wheels function the same as the outer wheel in the Bessler design.
(1) Top
of outer wheel
(2) Arm
with bearing connection to outer wheel and with bearing connection
to weight
(3)
Weight
(4) Side
of outer wheel
(5) Arm
with bearing connection to offset shaft and with tight connection to
weight
(6)
Offset inner shaft (controlled by forward-neutral-reverse lever)
(7)
Forward-neutral-reverse lever
A picture of a drawing of a design for a gravity
motor with independent arms instead of an inner wheel, each arm
connected to an independent bearing at the center of the circle
formed by the eight weights offset to the left.
A picture of
a drawing of a design for a gravity motor with eight separate inner wheels, each of
the inner wheels for one weight and one linear ball
bearing on a swiveling holder. In the drawing eight precision-ground
and hardened shaft rods that are part
of the outer wheel go through eight linear ball bearings on swiveling
holders, one linear ball bearing and one swiveling holder for each of the
eight inner wheels. The motor
could be four feet in diameter and twelve feet wide, with inner wheels on
each side and an outer wheel on each side. Each square in the
drawing can represent 544 lbs of 4" x 4" x 10' steel connecting
an inner wheel on one side of the motor to an inner wheel on the other
side of the motor.
A picture of
a drawing of a design for a
gravity motor with independent arms instead of an inner wheel, each arm
connected to an independent bearing at the center of the circle formed by
four weights offset to the left, and each arm connected to the outer wheel
with a
linear ball
bearing in a swiveling holder.
A picture of
a drawing of a design for a gravity-effect motor; if the motor
worked, the inner structure would rotate, and the motor could be stopped by pulling back the inner
and outer surfaces on the outer wheel; (1) = stationary outer wheel; (2) =
rotating inner structure.]
A prototype based on this design
was completed
on November 20, 2008, and did not work. It seems the lines of force
are through the center of the circle (the axis) through the centers of the
wheels, and it seems each of the lines of force is perpendicular to the
surface where a wheel makes contact, resulting in a straight-down push
without any push to one side or the other.
A picture
of a drawing of a design for a gravity-effect motor that uses magnets.
If the motor worked, the center of rotation (green dot), the two
length-adjusting arms, the two magnets, and
the four wheels would rotate; the metal on each side of the magnets and
the metal the wheels roll on do not rotate. If the motor worked, the motor could be stopped by
pulling back the metal on each side of the magnets.
This
picture represents a hypothesis. As of 7-18-2009 Larry believes
this hypothesis is not correct.
A picture
of a drawing of a design for a gravity-effect motor that uses magnets;
if the motor worked, the center of rotation, the length-adjusting arms,
the magnets, and the wheels would rotate; the metal on each side of the
magnets and the metal the wheels roll on do not rotate. If the
motor worked, the motor could be stopped by pulling back the metal on
each side of the magnets.
When the
magnet is in the upper half of the circle, the magnet is pulling toward
the inside area of the circle, and the inside wheel is in contact with
metal, and the outside wheel has a space between the outside wheel and
the metal. When the magnet is in the lower half of the circle, the
magnet is pulling toward the outside area of the circle, and the outside
wheel is in contact with metal, and the inside wheel has a space between
the inside wheel and the metal.
(If the
motor worked) because the center of rotation is offset to the left, the
inside wheel in effect is going down-hill when the magnet is in the
upper half of the circle. (If the motor worked) because the center
of rotation is offset to the left, the outside wheel in effect is going
down-hill when the magnet is in the lower half of the circle. (If
the motor worked) the greater the force of the magnet, the greater the
force on the wheel, and the greater the rotational force on the center
of rotation (the rotating shaft that stays offset to the left of the
center of the circle).
Since
there are not any opposing magnetic forces against the magnet, the
millions of domains within the magnet stay lined up, and the magnet does
not lose pulling force over time. (If the motor worked) this motor
would be a perpetual motion device since the device could run for years
and continue to put out as much rotational force as when the device was
first used.
Hypothesis
(7-29-2009)
This
motor is to be in the horizontal or flat position in order to neutralize
the effect of gravity caused by Planet Earth.
A picture
of a drawing of a design for a gravity-effect motor that uses magnets;
if the motor worked, the center of rotation, the length-adjusting arms,
the magnets, and the wheels would rotate; the metal on the side of the
magnet and the metal the wheels roll on do not rotate. If the
motor worked, the motor could be stopped by pulling back the metal on
the side of the magnet.
When the
magnet is in the upper half of the circle, the magnet is pulling toward
the inside area of the circle, and the wheel is in contact with the
inside metal. When the magnet is in the lower half of the circle,
the magnet is pulling toward the outside area of the circle, and the
wheel is in contact with the outside metal, and the wheel has a space
between the wheel and the inside metal.
(If the
motor worked) because the center of rotation is offset to the left, the
wheel in effect is going down-hill when the magnet is in the upper half
of the circle. (If the motor worked) because the center of
rotation is offset to the left, the wheel in effect is going down-hill
when the magnet is in the lower half of the circle. (If the motor
worked) the greater the force of the magnet, the greater the force on
the wheel, and the greater the rotational force on the center of
rotation (the rotating shaft that stays offset to the left of the center
of the circle).
Since
there are not any opposing magnetic forces against the magnet, the
millions of domains within the magnet stay lined up, and the magnet does
not lose pulling force over time. (If the motor worked) this motor
would be a perpetual motion device since the device could run for years
and continue to put out as much rotational force as when the device was
first used.
Hypothesis (8-23-2009)
This
motor is to be in the horizontal or flat position in order to neutralize
the effect of gravity caused by Planet Earth.
A picture
of a drawing of a design for a gravity-effect motor that uses magnets;
if the motor worked, the center of rotation, the linear bearing supports
(a linear bearing support for each arm), and the magnets would rotate
counter-clockwise; the metal on the side of the magnets and the metal
the wheels roll on do not rotate. If the motor worked, the motor
could be stopped by pulling up the metal on the side of the magnets.
When a
magnet is in the upper half of the circle, the magnet is pulling toward
the inside area of the circle, and the wheel is in contact with the
inside metal. When a magnet is in the lower half of the circle,
the magnet is pulling toward the outside area of the circle, and the
wheel is in contact with the outside metal, and the wheel has a space
between the wheel and the inside metal.
(If the
motor worked) because the center of rotation is offset to the left, the
wheel in effect is going down-hill when the magnet is in the upper half
of the circle. (If the motor worked) because the center of
rotation is offset to the left, the wheel in effect is going down-hill
when the magnet is in the lower half of the circle. (If the motor
worked) the greater the force of the magnet, the greater the force on
the wheel, and the greater the rotational force on the center of
rotation (the rotating shaft that stays offset to the left of the center
of the circle).
Since
there are not any opposing magnetic forces against the magnet, the
millions of domains within the magnet stay lined up, and the magnet does
not lose pulling force over time. (If the motor worked) this motor
would be a perpetual motion device since the device could run for years
and continue to put out as much rotational force as when the device was
first used.
Hypothesis
(9-6-2009)
This
motor is to be in the horizontal or flat position in order to
neutralize the effect of gravity caused by Planet Earth.
A
picture of a drawing of a design for a gravity-effect motor that uses
a magnet; if the motor worked, the center of rotation, the arms, the magnet, and the wheels would rotate
counter-clockwise; the metal on the side of the magnet and the metal
the wheels roll on do not rotate. If the motor worked, the motor
could be stopped by pulling or pushing to the side the metal near the
magnet.
The
center of rotation is not offset; the two wheels in effect are going
down-hill. Since the circles are concentric, full power is
applied to the metal the wheels role on all the way around the circle.
(If the motor worked) the greater the force of the magnet, the greater
the force on the wheels, and the greater the rotational force on the
center of rotation (the rotating shaft that is in the center of the
concentric circles).
Description of Force Direction
When an object
(such as a wheel) is pushing on a point on a circle, and the center axis
is the center of
the circle; if the object (such as a wheel) is in motion (other than just
turning), the
force is in the direction of the motion; if the object (such as a wheel)
is not in motion (other
than just turning), the direction of force
(going away from or toward the center axis) is along a line that goes through the center axis.
If this is
true, the 9-6-2009
hypothesis is not correct. Larry would like to build a prototype
based on the 9-6-2009 design to find out one way or the other.
Hypothesis
(10-1-2009, version 6)
This motor
is to be in the horizontal or flat position in order to neutralize the
effect of gravity caused
by Planet Earth.
A picture
of a drawing of a design for a gravity-effect motor that uses magnets; if the motor worked,
the outer 120-tooth gears and the magnets would rotate counter-clockwise; the metal on the side of the
magnets and the inner 120-tooth gear would not rotate. The magnets
are attached to the outer 120-tooth gears. All five gears used with
this motor should be made of material not reactive to a magnet such as
aluminum, brass, bronze, or 300-series stainless steel. If the motor worked, the motor could be stopped by
pulling or pushing up or down the metal on the side of the magnets.
The motor
also could be set up in such a way that the four outside gears are
stationary except for turning; in this case the center gear would turn,
and the metal at the side of the magnets would rotate with the center gear
as part of the same assembly.
Since
there are not any opposing magnetic forces against the magnets, the
millions of domains within the magnets stay lined up, and the magnets
seemingly do
not lose pulling force over time. (If the motor worked) it seems this motor
would be a perpetual motion device since it seems the device could run for years
and continue to put out as much rotational force as when the device was
first used (if the pulling force of the magnets stayed the same).
Drawing a
design for a gravity motor on paper is one thing; actually getting a
prototype made is something else. In the past it is possible that
an inventor created a design for a gravity motor that would have paved
the way for mass production of powerful and pollution-free gravity motors
-- if a prototype gravity motor had been made to prove that the
inventor's design was practical.
In the USA many individuals can afford to buy their own equipment for
making a prototype.
A big lathe probably is
the most important item needed. Larry McCart bought a
vertical lathe on Ebay for about $2,600. The lathe weighs
33,000 pounds, and has a 48 1/2 inch chuck and a 54 inch swing.
The machine was said to be in good working condition when it was
replaced by a CNC lathe about two years ago. The machine was
located near Sacramento, California, and the shipping cost was about
$300. A 44,000-pound-capacity crane was used to lift the machine
off the truck and to gently set the machine down in a patio area located
inside one of the buildings at Larry's manufacturing company.
Since three machines were unloaded from the truck by the crane, the
crane cost for the 33,000 pound lathe was about $300. At this
location Larry has 3 CNC milling machines, 10 CNC lathes, 3
manual milling machines, 14 manual lathes, and excellent welding
equipment.
Gravity
Motors Today
by Larry
McCart
Why are
gravity motors not in general use today for producing electricity and
for powering cars and trucks? Is it a conspiracy of the oil companies
as some believe? The answer is no. Larry is part of the US Oil Industry as the number one producer of some
of the parts used in oil well pumps, and Larry is aware of the moral,
honest, socially responsible behavior of those who run the US Oil
Industry. US oil companies have been active in a number of
alternative energy areas including wind energy, solar energy, and
hydro-electric energy. US oil companies are well-positioned
to develop, promote, and profit from better ways of providing energy,
and are leaders in bringing new technology to the nation for providing
energy. The US Oil Industry would like to have "free
energy" motors in order to save billions of dollars in electricity costs
for oil well pumping units.
Most of the crude
oil produced in California comes from Kern County, especially the Taft area and
the Bakersfield area. Many talented welders and engineers reside in the
Bakersfield area. Larry was told by one Bakersfield welder that he
built a working gravity motor, and a reliable source told Larry that another
Bakersfield welder built a gravity motor that produces about 500 horse power.
If
someone were to try to make available to the general public a
gravity-motor-powered car that had the potential of being mass produced, what
would happen? It has been
reported that Nikola Tesla developed a "free
energy" car similar to a "free energy"
gravity-motor-powered car. In 1931 with the help of Pierce-Arrow Manufacturing Company and
George Westinghouse, the report says that Nikola Tesla replaced the gas engine of a new Pierce-Arrow with an 80-horsepower
alternating-current motor. While sitting in the driver's seat, the report
says he pushed some rods into a 24" x 12" x 6" box, and said now we have power, and proceeded to test drive the car for a week, at speeds up to 90 mph.
According to the report, there were not any batteries connected to the electric motor, just wires from the box.
Where did the power come from? According to the report,
Tesla was attacked in the
press. As a result of the problems, the report says that he removed his equipment and returned to his New York City
laboratory. During 1943 the FBI instructed the government's Alien Property
Custodian office to take possession of his papers and property. The US
federal government declared his seized papers to be top secret.
Because of information
from the internet regarding unknown factors and threats to "free
energy" promoters, the commercial sale of gravity motors is not
recommended; and if you build one for yourself, keep it a secret. In
California a popular idea is to generate electricity that the electric power
supplier will accept back into the grid so that the customer receives a check each
month instead of a bill.
[1]
From Apologia Poetica by Johann Bessler:"Though I acknowledge that my pride has many times caused great problems for me as I have yielded to the binding snares of the
Devil, with my repentance I now do not believe that God requires that I reveal this thing from God
to a greedy world by removing the covering over the inner
wheel-pendulum without being properly paid for my invention."
[2]
Editing includes the inclusion of additional information from Bessler
from other sources, and deductions resulting because of studying
information from Bessler from other sources.
Other Translations:
From:
Das Triumphirende Perpetuum Mobile Orffyreanum
From:
Perpetuum Mobile by Dircks
“I put all in fresh order, and began work in all possible haste, doing
everything in the manner of those I had already made and destroyed, with only a
few changes in the dimensions of the so-named turning-wheel. For as a
grindstone may be called a wheel, so may the principal part of my machine be
named. The outward part of this wheel is drawn over or covered with waxed
linen in the form of a drum. This cylindrical basis was 12 Rhenish feet in
diameter, the thickness from 15 to 18 inches, the middle axle 6 feet long and 8
inches in thickness. It is supported in its movement on two pointed steel
balance-pegs, each 1 inch thick; and the wheel is vertically suspended.
The movement is modified by two pendulums, as shown in the engraving at the end
of this book. The inward structure of the wheel is of a nature according
to the laws of mechanical perpetual motion, so arranged that by disposed weights
once in rotation they gain force from their own swinging, and must continue
their movement as long as their structure does not lose its position and
arrangement."
Re-Organized
"I put all in fresh order, and began work in all possible haste, doing everything
in the manner of those I had already made and destroyed, with only a few changes
in the dimensions of the so-named turning-wheel. The outward part of this
wheel is drawn over or covered with waxed linen in the form of a drum.
This cylindrical basis was 12 Rhenish feet in diameter, the thickness from 15 to
18 inches, the middle axle 6 feet long and 8 inches in thickness. It is supported in its movement on two pointed steel
balance-pegs, each 1 inch thick; and the wheel is vertically suspended.
The movement is modified by two pendulums, as shown in the engraving at the end
of this book.
For
as a grindstone may be called a wheel, so may the principal part of my machine
be named. The inward structure of the wheel is of a nature according to
the laws of mechanical perpetual motion, so arranged that by disposed weights
once in rotation, they gain force from their own swinging, and must continue
their movement as long as their structure does
not lose its position and arrangement."
From:
Das Triumphirende Perpetuum Mobile Orffyreanum
Provided
by Al Bacon
Translation
by Ted of Chicago
"Except for a small change
in the external dimensions of the wheel for raising weights (or so-called
"running wheel"), I have organized everything together in accordance
with those structures of the previous machine which I had broken to pieces.
These small changes occurred by chance and do not need to be defended.
Around the firmly placed
horizontal axis is a rotating disc (low or narrow cylinder) which resembles a
grindstone. This disc
can be called the principle piece of my machine. Accordingly, this wheel
consists of an external wheel (or drum) for raising weights which is covered
with stretched linen. The base of the cylinder is 12 Rhenish feet in
diameter. The height (or thickness) is between 15 and 18 inches. The
axle (or shaft) passing through the center is 6 feet long and 8 inches thick
cross-sectionally. While in motion it is supported by two almost
one-inch-thick tapered steel pegs, whose two bearings (or sockets) with two
curves around the axle provide the rotational motion of the whole vertically
suspended wheel through application of pendula, which can be somewhat modified,
as the attached figures at the end of this treatise clearly show.
The internal structure of this
drum (or wheel) consists of weights arranged according to several a priori, that
is, scientifically demonstrable, laws of mechanical perpetual motion. After the
wheel completes a single rotation, or after a single force is applied to the
wheel, the motion drives the wheel unceasingly. As long as the wheel’s whole
structure does not change, the wheel continues its revolutions without any
further assistance from external motive power."
Re-Organized
"Except for a small change in the external dimensions of the wheel for raising weights
(or so-called "running wheel"), I have organized everything together
in accordance with those structures of the previous machine which I had broken
to pieces. These small changes occurred by chance and do not need to be
defended. Accordingly, this wheel consists of an external wheel (or drum)
for raising weights which is covered with stretched linen. The base of the
cylinder is 12 Rhenish feet in diameter. The height (or thickness) is between 15
and 18 inches.
The axle (or shaft) passing through the center is 6 feet long and
8 inches thick cross-sectionally. While
in motion it is supported by two almost one-inch-thick tapered steel pegs, whose
two bearings (or sockets) with two curves around the axle provide the rotational
motion of the whole vertically suspended wheel through application of pendula,
which can be somewhat modified, as the attached figures at the end of this
treatise clearly show.
Around the firmly placed
horizontal axis is a rotating disc (low or narrow cylinder) which resembles a
grindstone. This disc can be called the principle piece of my machine.
[Note added by Larry McCart: 'Around the firmly placed horizontal axis is a
rotating disc (low or narrow cylinder) that resembles a grindstone'. Since
the shaft rotates this means that this disc or inner wheel has the potential to
remain upright and not rotate as the outer wheel rotates and as the shaft
rotates within the inner wheel. Bessler called this inner wheel an inner
wheel-pendulum. A pendulum hangs upright as the shaft within moves.]
The internal structure of this
drum (or wheel) consists of weights arranged according to several a priori, that
is, scientifically demonstrable, laws of mechanical perpetual motion.
After the wheel completes a single rotation, or after a single force is applied
to the wheel, the motion drives the wheel unceasingly. As long as the
wheel’s whole structure does not change, the wheel continues its revolutions
without any further assistance from external motive power."
